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液(ye)壓缸(gang)(gang)結構基本上可以分為(wei)缸(gang)(gang)筒和(he)缸(gang)(gang)蓋(gai)、活(huo)塞和(he)活(huo)塞桿、密(mi)封裝置(zhi)(zhi)、緩沖裝置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)排氣裝置(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)個部分。今天威海力建小編著重帶(dai)著大家了解一下缸(gang)(gang)筒和(he)缸(gang)(gang)蓋(gai)。

 缸(gang)(gang)筒(tong)和缸(gang)(gang)蓋

一般來說，缸(gang)(gang)筒和(he)缸(gang)(gang)蓋的(de)結構(gou)(gou)形(xing)式(shi)和(he)其使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)材料(liao)有關。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作壓力p＜10MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)鐵；p＜20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管；p＞20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)或鍛鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)。法(fa)蘭連接(jie)(jie)(jie)式(shi)，結構(gou)(gou)簡單(dan)，容易(yi)(yi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，也容易(yi)(yi)裝拆，但外(wai)形(xing)尺寸和(he)重量(liang)都(dou)較(jiao)(jiao)大，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于鑄(zhu)鐵制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)缸(gang)(gang)筒上。半環(huan)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)式(shi)，它的(de)缸(gang)(gang)筒壁部(bu)因開了環(huan)形(xing)槽而(er)削(xue)弱了強(qiang)度，為(wei)此有時(shi)要加厚缸(gang)(gang)壁，它容易(yi)(yi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)裝拆，重量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)輕(qing)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管或鍛鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)缸(gang)(gang)筒上。螺紋連接(jie)(jie)(jie)式(shi)，它的(de)缸(gang)(gang)筒端部(bu)結構(gou)(gou)復雜，外(wai)徑(jing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)要求保證內(nei)外(wai)徑(jing)同心(xin)，裝拆要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具，它的(de)外(wai)形(xing)尺寸和(he)重量(liang)都(dou)較(jiao)(jiao)小，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管或鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)缸(gang)(gang)筒上。拉桿連接(jie)(jie)(jie)式(shi)，結構(gou)(gou)的(de)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)性大，容易(yi)(yi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)裝拆，但外(wai)形(xing)尺寸較(jiao)(jiao)大，且較(jiao)(jiao)重。焊接(jie)(jie)(jie)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)式(shi)，結構(gou)(gou)簡單(dan)，尺寸小，但缸(gang)(gang)底(di)處內(nei)徑(jing)不易(yi)(yi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，且可能(neng)引起變形(xing)。

3、叉(cha)車叉(cha)架下降速度太快

故障檢(jian)查：節(jie)流閥卡(ka)在打開位置(zhi)或裝反

故障排(pai)除：重(zhong)裝節流(liu)閥(fa)

4、叉車起升缸自由下滑量太大(da)或傾(qing)(qing)斜缸自傾(qing)(qing)角(jiao)太大(da)

故(gu)障檢查：換向閥(fa)閥(fa)桿內泄(xie)漏(lou)太大(da)，傾斜缸(gang)活塞密封圈失效內漏(lou)

故(gu)障排(pai)除：更(geng)換閥(fa)桿或更(geng)換密封圈

5、液壓(ya)缸(gang)活塞(sai)桿帶油

故障檢查：油封是否(fou)損壞(huai)

故障排除：更換油(you)封（威海力建冶金液壓(ya)設備(bei)廠(chang)推薦）

零部件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)的(de)影(ying)響問題，在(zai)液(ye)壓缸的(de)制(zhi)造過程中應嚴格控制(zhi)缸體內(nei)壁(bi)和(he)活塞桿表面(mian)(mian)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)，特別是(shi)幾何精度(du)，尤其直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線度(du)是(shi)關(guan)鍵，在(zai)國內(nei)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)中，活塞桿表面(mian)(mian)的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)基本上(shang)是(shi)車后(hou)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)，保證直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線度(du)問題不大，但對(dui)于(yu)(yu)缸體內(nei)壁(bi)的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法很多(duo)，有(you)鏜(tang)削(xue)(xue)-滾壓、鏜(tang)削(xue)(xue)-珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)、直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)，但由(you)于(yu)(yu)國內(nei)材料(liao)的(de)基礎(chu)水(shui)平較(jiao)國外有(you)差距，管材坯料(liao)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線度(du)差，壁(bi)厚不均勻、硬度(du)不均勻等(deng)因素，往往直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接影(ying)響缸體內(nei)壁(bi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線度(du)，因此建議采用鏜(tang)削(xue)(xue)-滾壓、鏜(tang)削(xue)(xue)-珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，如(ru)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接珩(heng)(heng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)，則必須首先提高管材坯料(liao)的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線度(du)。

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　　在(zai)允許的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，液壓(ya)缸(gang)的(de)(de)缸(gang)體(ti)壁厚(hou)安全系數盡(jin)量(liang)選大一些(xie)，使缸(gang)體(ti)厚(hou)壁增加，特別是高(gao)壓(ya)工(gong)況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)使用的(de)(de)油(you)缸(gang)，以(yi)減(jian)小油(you)壓(ya)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)缸(gang)體(ti)變形，變形后的(de)(de)缸(gang)體(ti)也會引起液壓(ya)缸(gang)低(di)速爬行。